CAPEC の説明
CAPEC の情報
実行フロー
[Survey the application for user-controllable inputs] Using a browser or an automated tool, an adversary follows all public links and actions on a web site. They record all the links, the forms, the resources accessed and all other potential entry-points for the web application.
- Use a spidering tool to follow and record all links and analyze the web pages to find entry points. Make special note of any links that include parameters in the URL.
- Use a proxy tool to record all links visited during a manual traversal of the web application.
- Use a browser to manually explore the website and analyze how it is constructed. Many browsers' plugins are available to facilitate the analysis or automate the discovery.
[Probe identified potential entry points for reflected XSS vulnerability] The adversary uses the entry points gathered in the "Explore" phase as a target list and injects various common script payloads and special characters to determine if an entry point actually represents a vulnerability and to characterize the extent to which the vulnerability can be exploited.
- Use a list of XSS probe strings to inject script in parameters of known URLs. If possible, the probe strings contain a unique identifier.
- Use a proxy tool to record results of manual input of XSS probes in known URLs.
- Use a list of HTML special characters to inject into parameters of known URLs and check if they were properly encoded, replaced, or filtered out.
[Craft malicious XSS URL] Once the adversary has determined which parameters are vulnerable to XSS, they will craft a malicious URL containing the XSS exploit. The adversary can have many goals, from stealing session IDs, cookies, credentials, and page content from the victim.
- Change a URL parameter to include a malicious script tag.
- Send information gathered from the malicious script to a remote endpoint.
[Get victim to click URL] In order for the attack to be successful, the victim needs to access the malicious URL.
- Send a phishing email to the victim containing the malicious URL. This can be hidden in a hyperlink as to not show the full URL, which might draw suspicion.
- Put the malicious URL on a public forum, where many victims might accidentally click the link.
前提条件
An application that leverages a client-side web browser with scripting enabled.An application that fail to adequately sanitize or encode untrusted input.
必要なスキル
Requires the ability to write malicious scripts and embed them into HTTP requests.必要なリソース
None: No specialized resources are required to execute this type of attack.緩和策
Use browser technologies that do not allow client-side scripting.Utilize strict type, character, and encoding enforcement.
Ensure that all user-supplied input is validated before use.
関連する弱点
| 弱点名 | |
|---|---|
CWE-79 |
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. |
参考文献
REF-476
XSS vulnerabilities in Google.comWatchfire Research.
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2005/Dec/1107
REF-604
OWASP Web Security Testing Guidehttps://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/07-Input_Validation_Testing/01-Testing_for_Reflected_Cross_Site_Scripting.html
登録情報
| 名前 | 組織 | 日付 | リリース日 |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation |
変更履歴
| 名前 | 組織 | 日付 | コメント |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Resources_Required | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Related_Weaknesses | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Description, Example_Instances | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated References | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Description, Execution_Flow, Extended_Description | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Example_Instances |
