CWE-759 詳細

The product uses a one-way cryptographic hash against an input that should not be reversible, such as a password, but the product does not also use a salt as part of the input.

背景の詳細

導入モード

Implementation : REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

適用可能なプラットフォーム

言語

クラス： Not Language-Specific (Undetermined)

一般的な結果

観察された例

潜在的な緩和策

Phases : Architecture and Design
Phases : Architecture and Design
If a technique that requires extra computational effort can not be implemented, then for each password that is processed, generate a new random salt using a strong random number generator with unpredictable seeds. Add the salt to the plaintext password before hashing it. When storing the hash, also store the salt. Do not use the same salt for every password.
Phases : Implementation // Architecture and Design
When using industry-approved techniques, use them correctly. Don't cut corners by skipping resource-intensive steps (CWE-325). These steps are often essential for preventing common attacks.

検出方法

Automated Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode

有効性 : SOAR Partial

Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode

有効性 : SOAR Partial

Manual Static Analysis - Source Code

有効性 : High

Automated Static Analysis - Source Code

有効性 : High

Automated Static Analysis

有効性 : SOAR Partial

Architecture or Design Review

有効性 : High

脆弱性マッピングノート

理由 : This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
コメント : Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

参考文献

REF-291

bcrypt
Johnny Shelley.
https://bcrypt.sourceforge.net/

REF-292

Tarsnap - The scrypt key derivation function and encryption utility
Colin Percival.
http://www.tarsnap.com/scrypt.html

REF-293

RFC2898 - PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2.0
B. Kaliski.
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2898

REF-294

How To Safely Store A Password
Coda Hale.
https://codahale.com/how-to-safely-store-a-password/

REF-295

How Companies Can Beef Up Password Security (interview with Thomas H. Ptacek)
Brian Krebs.
https://krebsonsecurity.com/2012/06/how-companies-can-beef-up-password-security/

REF-296

Password security: past, present, future
Solar Designer.
https://www.openwall.com/presentations/PHDays2012-Password-Security/

REF-297

Our password hashing has no clothes
Troy Hunt.
https://www.troyhunt.com/our-password-hashing-has-no-clothes/

REF-298

Should we really use bcrypt/scrypt?
Joshbw.
https://web.archive.org/web/20120629144851/http://www.analyticalengine.net/2012/06/should-we-really-use-bcryptscrypt/

REF-631

Password Storage Cheat Sheet
OWASP.
https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Password_Storage_Cheat_Sheet.html

REF-632

Enough With The Rainbow Tables: What You Need To Know About Secure Password Schemes
Thomas Ptacek.
http://hashphp.org/hashing.html

REF-633

The Importance of Being Canonical
Robert Graham.
https://blog.erratasec.com/2009/02/importance-of-being-canonical.html#.ZCbyY7LMJPY

REF-634

Password Hashing
James McGlinn.
https://privacyaustralia.net/phpsec/articles/password-hashing/

REF-635

Rainbow Hash Cracking
Jeff Atwood.
https://blog.codinghorror.com/rainbow-hash-cracking/

REF-636

Speed Hashing
Jeff Atwood.
https://blog.codinghorror.com/speed-hashing/

REF-637

Rainbow table
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_table

REF-7

Writing Secure Code
Michael Howard, David LeBlanc.
https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/store/writing-secure-code-9780735617223

REF-62

The Art of Software Security Assessment
Mark Dowd, John McDonald, Justin Schuh.

REF-1479

State-of-the-Art Resources (SOAR) for Software Vulnerability Detection, Test, and Evaluation
Gregory Larsen, E. Kenneth Hong Fong, David A. Wheeler, Rama S. Moorthy.
https://www.ida.org/-/media/feature/publications/s/st/stateoftheart-resources-soar-for-software-vulnerability-detection-test-and-evaluation/p-5061.ashx

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