名稱: Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking in a Security Decision

The product uses a protection mechanism that relies on the existence or values of a cookie, but it does not properly ensure that the cookie is valid for the associated user.

一般資訊

引入方式

Implementation

適用平台

程式語言

類別： Not Language-Specific (Undetermined)

技術

類別： Web Based (Often)
名稱： Web Server (Undetermined)

常見後果

範圍	影響	可能性
Access Control	Bypass Protection Mechanism, Gain Privileges or Assume Identity 注意：It is dangerous to use cookies to set a user's privileges or perform other security-critical actions. Attackers can easily modify cookies, within the browser or by implementing the client-side code outside of the browser. The cookie can be manipulated to claim a high level of authorization, or to claim that successful authentication has occurred.

觀察到的案例

參考資料	描述
CVE-2009-1549	Attacker can bypass authentication by setting a cookie to a specific value.
CVE-2009-1619	Attacker can bypass authentication and gain admin privileges by setting an "admin" cookie to 1.
CVE-2009-0864	Content management system allows admin privileges by setting a "login" cookie to "OK."
CVE-2008-5784	e-dating application allows admin privileges by setting the admin cookie to 1.
CVE-2008-6291	Web-based email list manager allows attackers to gain admin privileges by setting a login cookie to "admin."

潛在緩解措施

Phases : Architecture and Design
Avoid using cookie data for a security-related decision.
Phases : Implementation
Perform thorough input validation (i.e.: server side validation) on the cookie data if you're going to use it for a security related decision.
Phases : Architecture and Design
Add integrity checks to detect tampering.
Phases : Architecture and Design
Protect critical cookies from replay attacks, since cross-site scripting or other attacks may allow attackers to steal a strongly-encrypted cookie that also passes integrity checks. This mitigation applies to cookies that should only be valid during a single transaction or session. By enforcing timeouts, you may limit the scope of an attack. As part of your integrity check, use an unpredictable, server-side value that is not exposed to the client.

漏洞對應備注

理由說明 : This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
備註 : Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

備注

A new parent might need to be defined for this entry. This entry is specific to cookies, which reflects the significant number of vulnerabilities being reported for cookie-based authentication in CVE during 2008 and 2009. However, other types of inputs - such as parameters or headers - could also be used for similar authentication or authorization. Similar issues (under the Research view) include CWE-247 and CWE-472.

參考資料

REF-706

Unforgivable Vulnerabilities
Steve Christey.
http://cve.mitre.org/docs/docs-2007/unforgivable.pdf

REF-7

Writing Secure Code
Michael Howard, David LeBlanc.
https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/store/writing-secure-code-9780735617223

提交

名稱	機構	日期	發布日期	Version
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2009-07-16 +00:00	2009-07-27 +00:00	1.5

修改記錄

名稱	機構	日期	備註
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2009-10-29 +00:00	updated Relationships
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2010-02-16 +00:00	updated Demonstrative_Examples, References, Relationships
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2011-06-01 +00:00	updated Common_Consequences
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2017-01-19 +00:00	updated Relationships
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2017-11-08 +00:00	updated Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2018-03-27 +00:00	updated References
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2020-02-24 +00:00	updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2021-10-28 +00:00	updated Relationships
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2023-01-31 +00:00	updated Description
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2023-04-27 +00:00	updated Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2023-06-29 +00:00	updated Mapping_Notes
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2025-12-11 +00:00	updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
CWE Content Team	MITRE	2026-10-28 +00:00	updated Common_Consequences, Description

CWE-784 詳細資料

CWE-784