CWE-368
Context Switching Race Condition
Draft
2006-07-19
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2025-12-11
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Name: Context Switching Race Condition
A product performs a series of non-atomic actions to switch between contexts that cross privilege or other security boundaries, but a race condition allows an attacker to modify or misrepresent the product's behavior during the switch.
CWE-Beschreibung
This is commonly seen in web browser vulnerabilities in which the attacker can perform certain actions while the browser is transitioning from a trusted to an untrusted domain, or vice versa, and the browser performs the actions on one domain using the trust level and resources of the other domain.
Allgemeine Informationen
Einführungsmodi
Architecture and DesignImplementation
Anwendbare Plattformen
Sprache
Class: Not Language-Specific (Undetermined)Technologien
Class: Not Technology-Specific (Undetermined)Häufige Konsequenzen
| Bereich | Auswirkung | Wahrscheinlichkeit |
|---|---|---|
| Integrity Confidentiality | Modify Application Data, Read Application Data |
Beobachtete Beispiele
| Referenzen | Beschreibung |
|---|---|
CVE-2009-1837 | Chain: race condition (CWE-362) from improper handling of a page transition in web client while an applet is loading (CWE-368) leads to use after free (CWE-416) |
CVE-2004-2260 | Browser updates address bar as soon as user clicks on a link instead of when the page has loaded, allowing spoofing by redirecting to another page using onUnload method. ** this is one example of the role of "hooks" and context switches, and should be captured somehow - also a race condition of sorts ** |
CVE-2004-0191 | XSS when web browser executes Javascript events in the context of a new page while it's being loaded, allowing interaction with previous page in different domain. |
CVE-2004-2491 | Web browser fills in address bar of clicked-on link before page has been loaded, and doesn't update afterward. |
Erkennungsmethoden
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)Hinweise zur Schwachstellen-Zuordnung
Begründung : This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.Kommentar : Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.
Verwandte Angriffsmuster
| CAPEC-ID | Name des Angriffsmusters |
|---|---|
| CAPEC-26 | Leveraging Race Conditions
The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file. |
| CAPEC-29 | Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly. |
Hinweise
Can overlap signal handler race conditions.Under-studied as a concept. Frequency unknown; few vulnerability reports give enough detail to know when a context switching race condition is a factor.
Referenzen
REF-44
24 Deadly Sins of Software SecurityMichael Howard, David LeBlanc, John Viega.
Einreichung
| Name | Organisation | Datum | Veröffentlichungsdatum | Version |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLOVER | Draft 3 |
Änderungen
| Name | Organisation | Datum | Kommentar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eric Dalci | Cigital | updated Time_of_Introduction | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Relationships, Other_Notes, Taxonomy_Mappings | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Description, Other_Notes, Relationship_Notes, Weakness_Ordinalities | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Observed_Examples | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Common_Consequences | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated References, Relationships | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Relationships | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Applicable_Platforms | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Relationships | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Relationships | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Mapping_Notes | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors |
