CWE-93 Details

CWE-93

Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Draft
2006-07-19
00h00 +00:00
2025-12-11
00h00 +00:00
CWE Mitre.org
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Name: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')

The product uses CRLF (carriage return line feeds) as a special element, e.g. to separate lines or records, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CRLF sequences from inputs.

Allgemeine Informationen

Einführungsmodi

Implementation : REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

Anwendbare Plattformen

Sprache

Class: Not Language-Specific (Undetermined)

Häufige Konsequenzen

Bereich Auswirkung Wahrscheinlichkeit
IntegrityModify Application Data

Beobachtete Beispiele

Referenzen Beschreibung

CVE-2002-1771

CRLF injection enables spam proxy (add mail headers) using email address or name.

CVE-2002-1783

CRLF injection in API function arguments modify headers for outgoing requests.

CVE-2004-1513

Spoofed entries in web server log file via carriage returns

CVE-2006-4624

Chain: inject fake log entries with fake timestamps using CRLF injection

CVE-2005-1951

Chain: Application accepts CRLF in an object ID, allowing HTTP response splitting.

CVE-2004-1687

Chain: HTTP response splitting via CRLF in parameter related to URL.

Mögliche Gegenmaßnahmen

Phases : Implementation
Avoid using CRLF as a special sequence.
Phases : Implementation
Appropriately filter or quote CRLF sequences in user-controlled input.

Erkennungsmethoden

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Wirksamkeit : High

Hinweise zur Schwachstellen-Zuordnung

Begründung : This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
Kommentar : Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Verwandte Angriffsmuster

CAPEC-ID Name des Angriffsmusters
CAPEC-15 Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-81 Web Server Logs Tampering
Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.

Referenzen

REF-928

CRLF Injection
Ulf Harnhammar.
http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq&m=102088154213630&w=2

REF-1456

CRLF Injection
Imperva.
https://www.imperva.com/learn/application-security/crlf-injection//

REF-1457

CRLF injection
R00tendo.
https://medium.com/@R00tendo/crlf-injection-ae26521c5e4c

Einreichung

Name Organisation Datum Veröffentlichungsdatum Version
PLOVER 2006-07-19 +00:00 2006-07-19 +00:00 Draft 3

Änderungen

Name Organisation Datum Kommentar
Sean Eidemiller Cigital 2008-07-01 +00:00 added/updated demonstrative examples
Eric Dalci Cigital 2008-07-01 +00:00 updated Time_of_Introduction
CWE Content Team MITRE 2008-09-08 +00:00 updated Relationships, Other_Notes, Taxonomy_Mappings, Weakness_Ordinalities
CWE Content Team MITRE 2009-03-10 +00:00 updated References
CWE Content Team MITRE 2009-05-27 +00:00 updated Name
CWE Content Team MITRE 2009-10-29 +00:00 updated Other_Notes
CWE Content Team MITRE 2009-12-28 +00:00 updated Likelihood_of_Exploit
CWE Content Team MITRE 2010-02-16 +00:00 updated Related_Attack_Patterns, Taxonomy_Mappings
CWE Content Team MITRE 2010-04-05 +00:00 updated Related_Attack_Patterns
CWE Content Team MITRE 2010-06-21 +00:00 updated Description, Name
CWE Content Team MITRE 2011-03-29 +00:00 updated Description
CWE Content Team MITRE 2011-06-01 +00:00 updated Common_Consequences
CWE Content Team MITRE 2012-05-11 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2012-10-30 +00:00 updated Potential_Mitigations
CWE Content Team MITRE 2014-07-30 +00:00 updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
CWE Content Team MITRE 2015-12-07 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2017-11-08 +00:00 updated Applicable_Platforms, Causal_Nature, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2019-06-20 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2020-02-24 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2021-10-28 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2022-04-28 +00:00 updated Research_Gaps
CWE Content Team MITRE 2023-01-31 +00:00 updated Description
CWE Content Team MITRE 2023-04-27 +00:00 updated Detection_Factors, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
CWE Content Team MITRE 2023-06-29 +00:00 updated Mapping_Notes
CWE Content Team MITRE 2024-11-19 +00:00 updated Demonstrative_Examples
CWE Content Team MITRE 2025-04-03 +00:00 updated Diagram, References
CWE Content Team MITRE 2025-12-11 +00:00 updated Demonstrative_Examples, Relationships
Die auf CVE Find präsentierten Informationen stammen aus mehreren sorgfältig ausgewählten Referenzquellen. CVE-Daten werden von der MITRE Corporation und der National Vulnerability Database (NVD) bereitgestellt. Der Katalog bekannter ausgenutzter Schwachstellen (KEV) stammt von der Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), während EPSS-Scores von FIRST.org kommen. Darüber hinaus werden Daten zu Software-Schwachstellen (CWE) und häufigen Angriffsmustern (CAPEC) von der MITRE Corporation gepflegt, und Informationen zu Hardware- und Software-Konfigurationen (CPE) werden von der NVD bereitgestellt.