名称: Use of Default Credentials
The product uses default credentials (such as passwords or cryptographic keys) for potentially critical functionality.
基本信息
引入方式
Array : It is common practice for products to be designed to use default keys, passwords, or other mechanisms for authentication. The rationale is to simplify the manufacturing process or the system administrator's task of installation and deployment into an enterprise. However, this places the responsibility of changing defaults onto the administrator.适用平台
编程语言
类： Not Language-Specific (Undetermined)操作系统
类： Not OS-Specific (Undetermined)架构
类： Not Architecture-Specific (Undetermined)技术
类： ICS/OT (Undetermined)类： Not Technology-Specific (Undetermined)
常见后果
| 影响范围 | 影响 | 可能性 |
|---|---|---|
| Authentication | Gain Privileges or Assume Identity 注意： If admins do not change the defaults, it is easier for attackers to bypass authentication quickly across multiple organizations. |
观察示例
| 参考资料 | 描述 |
|---|---|
CVE-2022-30270 | Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) uses default credentials for some SSH accounts |
CVE-2021-41192 | data visualization/sharing package uses default secret keys or cookie values if they are not specified in environment variables |
CVE-2021-38759 | microcontroller board has default password, allowing admin access |
CVE-2018-3825 | cloud cluster management product has a default master encryption key |
CVE-2010-2306 | Intrusion Detection System (IDS) uses the same static, private SSL keys for multiple devices and installations, allowing decryption of SSL traffic |
潜在缓解措施
Phases : RequirementsProhibit use of default, hard-coded, or other values that do not vary for each installation of the product - especially for separate organizations.
Phases : Architecture and Design
Force the administrator to change the credential upon installation.
Phases : Installation // Operation
The product administrator could change the defaults upon installation or during operation.
漏洞映射说明
依据 : This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.备注 : Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.
参考资料
REF-1283
OT:ICEFALL: The legacy of "insecure by design" and its implications for certifications and risk managementForescout Vedere Labs.
https://www.forescout.com/resources/ot-icefall-report/
提交记录
| 名称 | 组织 | 日期 | 发布日期 | Version |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | 4.9 |
修改记录
| 名称 | 组织 | 日期 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, References | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Relationships | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Mapping_Notes | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Observed_Examples | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Observed_Examples, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities | |
| CWE Content Team | MITRE | updated Common_Consequences, Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Time_of_Introduction |
