CAPEC-141
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Description
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
Informations
Execution Flow
1) Explore
[Identify and explore caches] Use tools to sniff traffic and scan a network in order to locate application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache) that may have vulnerabilities. Look for poisoning point in cache table entries.
Technique
- Run tools that check available entries in the cache.
2) Experiment
[Cause specific data to be cached] An attacker sends bogus request to the target, and then floods responses that trick a cache to remember malicious responses, which are wrong answers of queries.
Technique
- Intercept or modify a query, or send a bogus query with known credentials (such as transaction ID).
3) Exploit
[Redirect users to malicious website] As the attacker succeeds in exploiting the vulnerability, they are able to manipulate and interpose malicious response data to targeted victim queries.
Technique
- Intercept or modify a query, or send a bogus query with known credentials (such as transaction ID).
- Adversary-in-the-Middle attacks (CAPEC-94) intercept secure communication between two parties.
Prerequisites
The attacker must be able to modify the value stored in a cache to match a desired value.The targeted application must not be able to detect the illicit modification of the cache and must trust the cache value in its calculations.
Skills Required
To overwrite/modify targeted cacheMitigations
Configuration: Disable client side caching.Implementation: Listens for query replies on a network, and sends a notification via email when an entry changes.
Related Weaknesses
| Weakness Name | |
|---|---|
| Use of Less Trusted Source The product has two different sources of the same data or information, but it uses the source that has less support for verification, is less trusted, or is less resistant to attack. |
|
| Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data. |
|
| Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data The product, when processing trusted data, accepts any untrusted data that is also included with the trusted data, treating the untrusted data as if it were trusted. |
|
| Origin Validation Error The product does not properly verify that the source of data or communication is valid. |
References
REF-22
Wikipediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_cache_poisoning
REF-23
DNS Threats and DNS Weaknesseshttp://www.dnssec.net/dns-threats.php
REF-24
Wikipediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARP_spoofing
REF-599
OWASP Web Security Testing Guidehttps://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/04-Authentication_Testing/06-Testing_for_Browser_Cache_Weaknesses.html
Submission
| Name | Organization | Date | Date Release |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation |
Modifications
| Name | Organization | Date | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Related_Attack_Patterns | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Related_Attack_Patterns | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Related_Attack_Patterns | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Execution_Flow, Related_Attack_Patterns | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated References, Taxonomy_Mappings | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Execution_Flow | |
| CAPEC Content Team | The MITRE Corporation | Updated Example_Instances, Related_Weaknesses, Taxonomy_Mappings |
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